Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Create a Magic Genie in a Bottle Effect

Drop a chemical into a flask to produce a cloud of water vapor and oxygen, resembling a magic genie emerging from its bottle. This chemistry demonstration can be used to introduce the concepts of decomposition reactions, exothermic reactions, and catalysts. Magic Genie Safety Wear rubber gloves and safety goggles. The 30% hydrogen peroxide used in this demonstration is a strong oxidizing agent which should be handled with care. It is extremely corrosive and reactive. Sodium iodide should not be ingested. The chemical reaction evolves heat so it is important to use borosilicate glass and to take care that the mouth of the flask is directed away from people. Magic Genie Demonstration Materials 50 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)4 g of sodium iodide, NaI [may substitute manganese(IV) oxide]1-liter borosilicate (Pyrex or Kimax) volumetric flaskFilter paper or tissue paper The peroxide solution is considerably more concentrated than ordinary household peroxide (3%), so youll either need to obtain it from a beauty supply store, chemical supply ​store or online. Sodium iodide or manganese oxide are best obtained from chemical suppliers. Magic Genie Procedure Wrap the sodium iodide or manganese oxide in a piece of filter paper or tissue paper. Staple the paper so none of the solid can spill out.Carefully pour 50 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution into the volumetric flask.Set the flask a counter and cover it with a towel to protect your hands from the heat of the reaction. When you are ready, drop the packet of solid reactant into the flask. Be sure the flask is pointed away from yourself and students. The magic water vapor genie will appear!After the demonstration is complete, the liquid may be washed down the drain with excess water. Rinse the flask and dilute any spills with water before cleanup. Magic Genie Reaction Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water vapor and oxygen gas. The sodium iodide or manganese oxide catalyzes the exothermic reaction. The reaction is: 2H2O2 (aq) → 2H2O (g) O2 (g) heat Helpful Tips for the Magic Genie Experiment Use of Pyrex, Kimax, or another type of borosilicate glass minimizes the risk of breakage.Rather than dropping the packet of sodium iodide or manganese oxide, you can hang it inside the flask by a string taped to the outside of the flask or secured (loosely) with a stopper. Do not tightly seal the flask! A stopper with a hole or two is safest.  Use a large volume flask, even though youre only using a small volume of liquid. This is because brown liquid can splash up near the conclusion of the reaction. This liquid is free iodine released from the oxidizing effect of the strong peroxide solution.Make sure you dont seal or tightly stopper the flask, as pressure buildup from a premature reaction can shatter the flask violently.Excess sodium iodide may be thrown away in the trash receptacle.Are you artistic? You can wrap the flask in foil to make it look like a magic genie bottle or lamp. While you have the 30% peroxide out, why not try the elephant toothpaste demonstration? Another interesting demonstration to try involves making violet smoke. Reference: Stone, Charles, H. J. Chem. Ed., 1944, 21, 300.

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Evaluating Globshop s Management Of Outsourcing And The...

Critically analyse Globshop’s management of outsourcing and the future challenges. Will they be successful? Why or why not? 8150842 Digital Transformation of Business and Society Case 3: Global Software Outsourcing Brian Nicholson 30 April, 2015 1. Introduction Globshop, a global travel-retail company chose to offshore a large portion of its ICT work to India, initially as an effort to centralize and standardise ICT infrastructure and business processes across separate countries but eventually as a strategy of cost reduction because they were faced with environmental shocks that impacted their business. It was a successful arrangement owing to the effort made in managing the relationship between the company and the partner handling major parts of their ICT infrastructure. In the long run Globshop must balance the cost/benefits gained by offshoring elements of its informatics provision against the long term need to control those provisions especially when considering the future of ICT developments. 1.0 Globshop’s Management of Outsourcing 2.1 Top Management Support 2.2 Outsourcing Successes 2.3 Outsourcing Challenges 2.4 Outsourcing Problems 2.5 Key Management Issues 2.0 The Future of Outsourcing for Globshop 4. Why Globshop may not be Successful 4.1 The Side Effects that may Negate the Future Benefits of Outsourcing to Globshop Outsourcing Globshop’s IT functions because the economy had hit them hard and it appeared to make good sense but it had certain

Friday, May 15, 2020

Industrial Revolution A Working Class Citizen - 1295 Words

Living in England during the Industrial Revolution as a working class citizen was difficult for men, women and children. In England in the 1800s, an Industrial Revolution began to occur, where lots of factories opened where goods were manufactured. These goods were created at a much faster pace than ever before, and required big machines and lots of physical labor. The labor came from the citizens in England who were former farmers who urbanized and moved to the cities. These people made up the working class in England and they provided the labor in the factories. For the most part the factories were very crowded, hot and dangerous for the workers. But was this life in the factory better for the working class or did the Industrial Revolution make their lives worse. The Industrial Revolution in the 1800s in England brought long hours and low wages in the beginning for the factory workers, however, it improved due to government reforms in later years. In the beginning of the Ind ustrial Revolution, the working conditions in the factories were bad, and the punishments were harsh. The work hours were very long for one thing. As an adult, a former factory worker recalls his life in the factor as a small child. â€Å"As adults they remembered working until 9:00 or 10:00 p.m. in the summer while sufficient light lasted. As youngsters both boys and girls were strapped to keep them awake and working (Bari). The work day for the workers began at either 5 or 6 AM and didn’tShow MoreRelatedThe Social Conditions Of The 19th Century Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagesthe French and Industrial Revolutions. These world changing events are mostly causing plagues for the working class. These 19th century conditions cause the people to revolt against the social reforms of the existing world and reveal the need for a new social structure. The newly emerging Industrial revolution results in a shift within economic classes, which are the bourgeoisie and proletariat. T he 19th century’s conditions are a result of the Industrial Revolution, French Revolution, and UrbanizationRead MoreWorking Class Families In The Industrial Revolution Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pages19th centuries, the Industrial Revolution sparked various new ideas and introduced a modernized way of life to the people of Great Britain. Citizens had to adapt to an array of social and economic changes. During this time-period, gender roles and family order were shifted which created new dilemmas in the household. Working-class families were negatively impacted by the transition from the cottage industry to an industrialized society. Industrialization forced working-class families to depend onRead MoreIndustrial Revolution Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pagesargues that some social changes that were felt during this period of time included changes to class structure, the working class, family dynamics, women’s role, and even the lower to middle class. On the topic of social changes, he says that, â€Å"the industrial revolution had far reaching social consequences, which varied across class and regions. Between the late 18th and early 20th centuries, new family and class structures emerged to adjust to the new wage economy and production shifted out of the houseRead More Effects of Industrialization and the Conditions of the Working Class in England1278 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Industrialization and the Conditions of the Working Class in England In the middle of the 19th century the industrial revolution was flourishing in England. With all of the advancements in machinery there would be new opportunities and drawbacks for citizens. Many would leave their lives on the farms and work in factories with unsafe settings. Karl Marx felt that the new advancements in society were able to support the fourth stage of human development, Communism. AlongRead MoreOpium and the Industrial Revolution Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pages Opium and the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution brought social change and economic growth for Great Britain. This era provided the perfect environment for a new social class to emerge from urban squalor. During the Industrial Revolution a group of citizens who breathed polluted air, drank toxic water, worked fourteen-hour days in dimly lit factories and lived in close quarters. This group is known as the working class. In Karl Marx’s Manifesto of the Communist Party he predictedRead MoreSocial Changes During The Industrial Revolution1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution in Britain led to many social changes for the country as well as its people. Prior to the revolution, many people, especially of the lower class in terms of wealth, lived in the countryside where they worked fields to feed their own families. After the Industrial Revolution began, however, this all changed as the demand for more and more goods became abundant, and a method of increasing the supply was needed. Factorie s would be built in towns by the upper class businessRead MoreSocial And Economic Impacts Of Industrial Revolution893 Words   |  4 PagesSocial and Economic Impacts of Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution began in the 1760’s. Britain became the first country to see its effects. Britain was the best for the revolution because of their high religious tolerance, the Scientific Revolution was underway, and Britain’s government encouraged inner growth by making foreign goods more expensive. During this time period, Britain’s population grew, wealth increased, and the citizens became interested in the fate of Britain. WritingsRead MoreEnlightenment Was A Period Of Intellectual And Social Growth Around The Atlantic World1163 Words   |  5 PagesEnlightenment thinking and developments such as the expansion of literacy and the decline of religious persecution began to threaten political order. Because of this, there were revolutions in many countries to try and make life better and equal with others. One instance of this is the Haitian Revolution. During the Haitian Revolution, slaves on the island of Saint Dominque rose up against their masters and rebelled for their freedom. They won, and created a government for themselves on the island. ThisRead MoreClassical Liberalism Is A Political Philosophy Originated1594 Words   |  7 Pagesmost important incentive of liberalism was the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century. Martin Luther and other reformers believed that salvation came through faith alone, however, during the 17th and 18th centuries, without intending to do so, citizens began to step from â€Å"individual conscience to individual liberty.† Thomas Hobbes, an Enlightenment Philosopher from this time also played a very important role in the development of liberalism. He wrote the first book of â€Å"philosophical significanceRead MoreImpact Of Industrialisation On Patterns Of Urban Development1498 Words   |  6 Pagesurbanization without economic growth. Roughly without industrial revolution, a few cities such as Italy and Netherlands had their urban dweller proportion raised. Switzerland, Germany, England and France had the similar phenomena. Precious long peace during the nineteenth century had conferred European countries chances to develop in all dimensions, such as political mechanism, technology, arts and lifestyle. It was the Age of Progress. The industrious revolution, together with political context, national

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Fault Analysis Essay - 735 Words

No plagiarism detected 5.1.3 Device Data Collectors Multiple Device Data Collectors are continuously collecting, aggregating, and sending local telemetry data to the Data Store. 5.2 Fault Injector Fault injector is used to induce random fault at will to the both ping service and device data collectors. 5.3 Data Store The Data Store used to holds the network topology information, local telemetry data, as well as the ping data collected from devices and other components of the network. 5.4 Learning Agent module: The learning agent helps to capture the behavior of the system on different faults scenarios injected by using the fault injector and a non-faulty scenario as well. These are analyzed and stored by using the following flow in the†¦show more content†¦The third phase is the learning phase where in the data is fetched from the data store and then forwarded for further analysis to the machine learning block. The machine learning block uses the random forest algorithm to analyze the data that is being fetched by the learning agent after which it analysis report is sent back where in it is used to create the diagnosis function which is the required output The above figure shows the UML diagram; our project contains six major classes namely Node, FaultInjector, PingMap, MonitorAgent, LearningAgent and MachineLearningBlock. The MachineLearningBlock class is sub-class to the LearningAgent class. This handles all the functions from injecting faults, requesting for the TCP statistics, and analysis by the machine learning block. The above sequence diagram shows how the monitoring agent interacts through the steps stated above, we can see that initially the monitoring agent sends a signal to the ping map to deploy the monitoring agent into the selected nodes, then the fault injector injects random faults into the nodes containing the monitoring agent and then the monitoring agent request for the TCP statistics of these inject nodes and then the node replies with the TCP statistics and later on these statistics are stored in a log file and stored into the data-store.Show MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis: The Fault in Our Stars Essay738 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿(Student Name) Mrs. Heroux World Literature Honors 19 February 2014 The Fault in Our Stars Literary Analysis The Fault in Our Stars can be interpreted to have many hidden meanings. One of the most overlooked and obscured meanings being unexpected events. More specifically, John Green will lead the reader on to one thing before throwing them a curveball. Green uses his knowledge of symbolism, imagery, diction, and metaphors to build on this idea. To begin, John Green uses what seems toRead MoreThe Fault in Our Stars by: John Green Analysis Essays1867 Words   |  8 Pagese Mariana Guzman AP Lang. Summer Reading Assignment July 23rd, 2013 The Fault In Our Stars (Tfios) Introduction Sympathy. We often use it when someone has a paper cut, or they broke an arm. Many of the characters in this book, don’t want you to feel sympathy for them but honestly, there is no possible way for you to avoid it. John Green wrote â€Å"The Fault In Our Stars† in the most realistic way possible, using things that we use everyday: our feelings and emotions. That’sRead MoreCatcher in the Rye1445 Words   |  6 PagesENG 3U1 – The Catcher in the Rye Essay Outline Assignment Task: Pick one of the essay prompts below. Your answer to the prompt will be the thesis of your essay. Thoughtfully and carefully craft an essay outline to develop and defend your thesis. Be concise and to the point, this is only an outline! You may consult your agenda, previous notes and our class for essay writing tips. Be sure to use text-based evidence to support your thesis. Essay Prompts Throughout the novel, Holden is a tormented adolescentRead MoreThe History Of Western Imperialism1129 Words   |  5 PagesJoel Feinberg, in his essay â€Å"Collective Responsibility† , talks about ascribing â€Å"[...] individual liability to unfavourable responses from others, [...]† and says that three preconditions must be met before an individual can be ascribed liability for his/her actions. First, he/she must have contributed to the harmful thing in question in some way or the other; second, this contributory party has to have been at fault; thirdly, the harm caused has to be the outcome of the fault. Compactly, these threeRead MoreAnalysis of Customer Service Problem of Best Buy1234 Words   |  5 Pagesthe task The task of this essay is to have a research in person to pay a visit on Best Buy to discover its potential marketing problem, anticipate the consequences and provides potential solution to this problem, which from my perspective, is bad customer service. Purpose and structure of the essay The purpose of this essay is to explore the potential marketing problem of Best Buy to provide solutions to its problem. In order to make the essay more complete, this essay will first start with theRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : Us And Them1668 Words   |  7 PagesRhetorical Analysis: Us and Them David Sedaris claim in his essay Us and Them is inferred from its content to be that those who are privileged tend to mistreat the less fortunate. They also judge the lifestyles of others whom they may demarcate as different while ignoring their own faults and imperfections while at the same time refusing to accept other people s cultures and ways of life into our own or deeming others inferior. The fundamental message that the author is trying to convey throughRead More Paulo Freires The Banking Concept of Education Essay examples902 Words   |  4 PagesPaulo Freires The Banking Concept of Education In his essay â€Å"The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education†, Paulo Freire condemns the current beliefs about education, and argues strongly to support his own, new, and somewhat radical ideas about how he believes education should work. It is clear from his writing that he wishes to convey very strong feelings in this essay. At the very beginning, after a very brief description of the â€Å"current† education, he states that â€Å"education is suffering from narrationRead MorePolitics Is Not Inherently Exciting1253 Words   |  6 Pages(Farhi, 4) Government is good, is a phrase not often heard, or uttered, by many people. However, the article â€Å"Government is Good; An Unapologetic Defense of a Vital Institution† clearly argues for this side. Before the first two paragraphs end, this essay starts off with, â€Å"Welcome to governmentisgood.com† and â€Å"Why a website defending government?† One could argue that these two phrases expose the authors bias towards government. After all, the author is a Professor of Politics, but for now let’s justRead MoreThe Influence Of Romeo And Juliet : Love Against All1305 Words   |  6 PagesIn my Shakespeare course, I discussed the cultural influences that set Romeo and Juliet’s love story up to fail in my essay â€Å"Romeo and Juliet: Love Against All.† The vagueness of the sentence I just wrote is exactly how vague my thesis sentence was in this paper: â€Å"Although Romeo and Juliet’s infatuation takes the saying â€Å"till death do us part† to a whole new level, their romance was never destined for a happy ending, because the internal and external forces pitted against them play a more significantRead MoreEssay about A Talk To Teachers; Rhetorical Analysis644 Words   |  3 PagesRodriguez Ms. Ramona AP Language Composition Pd. 4 A Talk to Teachers; Rhetorical Analysis ‘A Talk to Teachers’ by James Baldwin published on December 21, 1963 is a very brave and direct message to teachers on how they are contributing to the prejudice in society during that time period. Baldwin’s tone in this essay shifts frequently however, the constant tone that enhances his purpose of this essay is urgency. Baldwin’s urgency to make teachers change the prejudice view on â€Å"negros† and

The Bible Is The Word Of God Essay - 815 Words

I believe that the bible is the word of God, that it is inspired, inerrant and infallible. I do believe that we should apply the Bible to our lives today but in order to do that properly we must understand its context and culture. There are things in the scripture that do not apply to us directly such as building an ark and gathering animals into it. But even when passages are not specifically applicable to us today they do teach us truth. We learn about God and about how he interacts with people. Women are extremely important to God and should never be put down or considered second class in any way. But men and women do have different roles in life and in the assembly. It is clear from the scriptures that men are to lead in the congregation of the saints. Women are not to preach or teach in the public assembly. Women are not allowed to be elders or hold authority over the men. This does not mean that women are not to preach Christ to the lost. I believe that every member is to evangelize. Older women also have a command to teach younger women. To preach Christ crucified and raised from the dead. It is my belief that all people need Christ. The unsaved and the saved both need to be confronted with him. I have always been a seeker of truth. Prior to becoming a Christian I was studying Theravadan Buddhism. I had gotten involved with Eastern religions from my studies of the Martial Arts. I had been a student of Martial Arts for years throughout my teens and twenties. ButShow MoreRelatedIs The Bible The Word Of God?904 Words   |  4 PagesIs the Bible the Word of God? Every year, millions of people ask themselves whether or not the bible is the true word of God. The Christian faith has so many variants that it sometimes becomes very difficult to make something so simple easy to select. My challenge is to defend what evidence I have as a Christian that the bible is truly the word of God. One of the most important ways to prove inerrancy is the bible scriptures. An example is found in Genesis 1:3-5 which states, And God said, â€Å"LetRead MoreThe Bible And The Word Of God993 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand the Bible and the history of it in order to fully relate the message of the Word of God, clearly to other people. Theology is the study of God and who he is throughout history, where evangelism ties into teaching that truth. In order to identify with the character of God, one must understand him. You need to understand the attributes of God, his unchangeableness, his independence, that he is omnipresent, and eternal. Also it needs to be understood that we will not fully understand who God is eitherRead MoreThe Bible: The Word of God2055 Words   |  9 PagesThe Bible, sacred book of Christianity, it includes collections of ancient writings, which are split into two sections referred to as the old (Hebrew Bible ) and the new testament. It is said to be the most i nfluential book in western history, as we owe our culture and moral compass to it. Historically the Bible has been seen as authoritative, as it is believed to be the infallible ‘word of God’, as writers were divinely inspired. However divisions about interpretations can be seen historicallyRead MoreThe Bible And The Word Of God1727 Words   |  7 PagesThe first way to living a happy and meaningful life is to follow the bible and the word of God. God is the ultimate creator and he is the number one thing that should be in our life. Jesus said, â€Å"Again Jesus spoke to them, saying, â€Å"I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢(English Standard Version, John 8:12). what he means by this is that if we follow him we will never get lost and he will be our provider and leader while if we doRead MoreThe Bible, The Inspired Word Of God Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Bible, the inspired Word of God was written by His ordained writers. One of these was Paul, a great believer and follower of Christ, who was committed and dedicated to the spread of the gospel. He faced many afflictions and challenges on the course of his journeys that took him to different regions of the world, in the hope of spreading the Word of God to the many regions that had not received the Good News. On the course of his travels, he met different people along the way butRead MoreThe Bible Is God s Word1788 Words   |  8 PagesThe Bible is God’s Word. It contains absolute truths believed by Christians everywhere. It teaches humans how to live their lives, and guides them to do what is right. It tells people how the world was created, and how mankind came to be. Put simply, a Biblical Worldview is accepting all of this end everything else the Bible says, and applying it to one’s life, and for a teacher, one’s classroom. A Biblical Worldview effects everything regarding education, from the way one sees his or her studentsRead MoreThe Bible is the Authoratative Word of God Essay686 Words   |  3 Pageswhy you believe in the Bible, and asks Isnt it a book just like any other piece of literature? would be a difficult question, but let alone a very plausible question to be asked to a Christian in a ones lifetime. I have personally been asked this question before on multiple occasions, and there are many responses I have given as according to being sensitive to the circumstances upon which the question was asked. I believe in the Bible as being the authoritative word of God, and the divinely inspiredRead MoreThe Bible : The Holy Spirit, And The Word Of God1703 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God† John 1:1 (NASB). Scripture comes directly from God unlike any other book. God has spoken His work and used humans, such as prophets to speak His word to us. The concept of authority is woven into the fabric of Scrip ture. This idea of â€Å"ultimate right† is inevitably linked with God’s sovereignty throughout the Scriptures. How we choose to view the authority of Scripture is up to our own discretion. We accept the Bible as the inspiredRead MoreBible as the Inspired Word of God Essay1103 Words   |  5 PagesBible as the Inspired Word of God The Bible is the work of various authors, who lived in different continents and wrote in different eras. Furthermore, much of the text does not claim to have been dictated by God and is not always God speaking to people. In parts it consists of people speaking to God, as in the Psalms, and people speaking to people, as in the New Testament letters written by Paul. In light of this, some maintain that it is not possible to treat theRead MoreThe Bible Is An Important Aspect Of Our Christian Lives844 Words   |  4 PagesStudying the Bible is an important aspect of our Christian lives. The Bible is the flawless and inerrant word of God. He spoke through the chosen authors the words of the Bible. Through the Scriptures, God reveals his character and revelation. The Bible has authority since it is ultimately from God. The Bible is the inerrant and inspired word of God that holds authority. The Bible has the power to give commands and demand obedience. This authority is both inherent and given by God. God is the highest

Factors influencing Activity Based Costing Samples for Students

Questions: 1. Describe the Changes in Cost Structure that are likely to have occurred at Cravings for Cakes over the last 20 years, and Explain their causes. 2. Explain whether the existing Costing System understates or overstates the cost of a) Lamington b) Danish Pastry 3. Explain how Activity-based Costing could overcome the deficiencies inherent in the existing Costing System. 4. What factors should Ursula B. Bright consider when deciding whether to use Activity based Costing. Answers: Executive Summary In the given case, Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd was engaged in the business of manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. The company was started 20 years ago where at that time the company was engaged in the manufacturing of pies, finger buns and lamingtons. The margin of the goods was good and the company was using only simple machinery but lot of hard work. Currently, the company along with its ongoing products has started the manufacturing of Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices. These are low volume line products but they have a good margin. The workers use to complain for these products as they involve a lot of hard work and are of low volume a well but being they have a god margin thus the company is preferring these product as well. Over the last 20 years, the factory certain changes have been taken place. The company has introduced computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and now more emphasis has bee n placed on quality and delivery performance. But in spite of these changes the profit of the company are declining on a continuous basis which has been alarming for the management. The management has asked the workers to concentrate on increasing the productivity especially for the high margin goods. 1.Changes in the Cost Structure Cost structure refers to the combination of fixed and variable cost that has been incurred by the business. In the given company, the cost structure has witnessed multiple changes. Earlier being it was highlighted that the company was using simple machinery and there is lot of work been carried out manually, thus, the company has to incur more of the labor cost in producing the cakes. But with the passage of time, the things have changed and the company has now started using computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and now more emphasis has been placed on quality and delivery performance. Thus as result of these changes cost structure of the company moved from more of the labor cost towards overhead costs. The cost structure which was earlier being concentrated more towards and has a high percentage of labor cost has now moved towards overheads cost which includes depreciation, maintenance cost of the machinery etc. In the traditi onal cost structure the proportion of the fixed cost was relatively high. This was majorly on account of the high labor cost the company use to incur. Similar is the case with Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd, looking at the business model of the company, the management must have hired more permanent staff with itself keeping the fixed cost as high. But with the passage of time and the automation that has taken place in the company, the same fixed cost has decreased. The main reason for the changes that has been taken place is mainly because of the automation that has been witnessed in the entire industry. This has resulted in reducing of the manual process and ultimately the labor hours and its associated cost has reduced in multiple folds. At the same time, being the cost has reduced but at the same time the cost related to asset maintenance, depreciation etc has increased. Although the increment in the cost is not as much as the decrease that we have witnessed in the labor cost. But with the all these process, the competition has increased in the market. Thus, in order to survive in the market one has to make their prices more competitive than its competitor. This has a direct impact on the sales prices and one has to reduce the same to survive in the industry. Thus, overall, the cost that one has saved in the first process has been occupied by the decrease that he has witnessed in the sales prices on account of growing competition. Another ma in reason behind the change in the cost structure is the changes that we have witnessed in the traditional and the modern cost theory. 2.Understatement and Overstatement of cost The company has been working since last 20 years. Earlier the company has been using the traditional costing method under which they were manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. The company was able to survive in that market at times when they were engaged only in the production of cakes and pastries but at soon as the company went into the automation phase where they started using computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and started emphasizing more on quality and delivery performance, there profit declined and they started facing troubles relating to their survival. Being the automation that has been carried out is done with an intention to reduce cost and dependence on the fixed cost but it has worked other way round for the company. This shows that the modern costing theory that has been placed by the management has made the cost structure correct which was not well effective in the past. This shows that th e cost structure that was there in the past for the company was not correct and the cost was understated. Thus through the modern costing technique, the management came to know about the understatement cost and when they correct that the profit got reduced. This has majorly impacted the fixed cost of the company as result; the management of the company has asked the employees to work on increasing the sales volume of the company. Thus considering the above logic, it has been proved that the existing cost system has understated the cost of the finished goods that has been produced by the company. 3.Activity Based Costing Under the activity based costing the cost is allocated based on the different activities that have been carried out in the organization based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization is identified ad cost has bee allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Through the help of activity based costing, a company can estimate the cost of the products, activities and services. This will help the company in decision making in relation to the products whether they wanted to continue with the existing products or any changes are required to be made in the product structure. Through the help of activity based costing, the company can determine the products which are relatively over priced and the management can work o reducing their cost so as to make the product more competitive in the market. This process cab further help in identifying ad eliminating the production processes that are ineffective in nature ad at the same time we cab determine the production process that are more effective considering the nature of business that has been carried out by the company. Through the help of activity based costing, one can better understand the product, customer cost and the profitability of the production processes. Traditionally the overhead cost has been allocated to the products based on the machine hours that have been spent on manufacturing the product. In the ABC costing technique the cost is first been allocated to the activities that have caused the overhead to happen for the product and then once the cost has been allocated to the activities, they are further been added to the product who actually depends on the activities. The difference between the two methods can be well understood with the help of an example. For example: A company manufactures two products. The first product a low volume item and the company required additional testing and some special engineering along with some machine hours set up to make the product. On the other hand, the second product is required in high volume. Being the product has been manufactured continuously, it requires less attention and no additional special activity is required. Now, in this case, if the company is using the traditional method of a llocating the overhead cost based on the machine hours, then very little cost will be allocated to the first product being the same was manufactured on lower quantity. On the other hand, high overhead cost will be allocated to the second product being the same has been manufactured in large quantity although in reality less overhead has been spent on the product. Thus through the help of the traditional costing technique the cost that has been determined for both the products are not correct and the results are misleading. This shortcoming of the traditional method can be overcome by the Activity base costing where the overhead cost are allocated based on more than one activity other than the machine hours. In case of the given company, the company has been engaged in manufacturing many different varieties of pies, finger buns and lamingtons. Currently, the company along with its ongoing products has started the manufacturing of Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices. Looking at the overall picture, being the company has been dealing in different product now, there seems like the overhead cost hasnt been allocated adequately among the different products that has been manufactured by the company, Through Activity base costing, the management of the company would be able to determine the product among the ones they are manufacturing whether the same is giving them an adequate amount of profit or not. Through this process they can work out whether to close the production of the products which are giving them limited or no profit. The correct allocation of the overhead amount will reduce unnecessary pressure from the products of the company and the management can realize the products fo r whom they are likely to concentrate in future in increasing the production. Being currently the management has no view as result before working out the correct product, they have just asked the employees to increase the production without realizing an determining the correct product which they should concentrate on. The management has asked the employees to work on increasing the sales of high margin products, but without adequate allocation of the overhead, the correct margin of the goods cannot be determined making the entire difference for the company and making things worse for the employees. The major difference that has been made in the last 20 years is the overhead allocation. It has been specified that the later products like Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices are being manufactured by the company in low volume but these are high margin goods. This shows that the overhead cost allocation is not consistent and this the major deficiency in the cost structure and theory adopted by Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd. 4.Factors required to decide for Activity based Costing In order to adopt Activity based Costing, management is required to consider certain factors. In order to adopt activity based costing, it is important for one to understand the different business activity. Though the help of these business activities the cost can be assigned and from these activities, ultimately the cost is transferred towards the products where the activities are related to. In the modern world, the management of the company has placed more emphasis on these costing theories being the same has helped the management in better decision making. There are certain factors that need to be focused in by the management of Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd for adoption of Activity based costing. One of them is the determination of the critical activities of the company. In activity based costing the cost is allocated based on the different activities that have been carried out in the organization based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization are identified and cost has been allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Thus, the first factor that needs to be considered by the management is the adequate determination of the activities for the business. The next factor is understanding the importance of ABC costing techniques for decision making purposes. Ursula B. Bright should determine whether the traditional costing method that they are using is able to provide them sufficient informa tion which is required for making adequate decisions in the business especially those related to the products. This factor will force the management of the company to go for ABC costing techniques. By looking at the current financial position of the company, it does not looks that the company is in a goo state. The management has already highlighted to the employees to work on increasing the production as it has become difficult for the company to continue in the current state, this shows the decision making of the company is not in a good state and the company is suffering and required some adequate base on which the management can rely for adequate decision making. The next major factor for the company is determination of sufficient of cost distortion. For an organization to adopt ABC costing there should be high potential for cost distortion. The cost distortions tend to impact the decision making of the company specially those related to the profitability analysis. In order to a dopt ABC costing technique, the management of the company is required to put proper attention to it. In order to ensure this, the management of the company is required to adopt adequate information system in the organization. Thu, the ABC costing technique requires considerable time and effort from the management and that can be done only when the management has sufficient time for ABC. Further, the size of the company is also an important factor that needs to be kept in mind at times of adopting ABC technique. For the ABC technique to be effective, the sales of the company are required to be between the ranges of $100 million to $500 million. Further ABC costing generally takes longer time to implement being the outcome of the same is being used for decision making. Thus, time is the major factor in determining whether the company should go for the ABC costing or not. Conclusion The Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd was engaged in the business of manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. Because of the traditional costing technique the management of the company was unable to allocate the correct cost among its products. In this case, the management should get for ABC costing technique. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization is identified ad cost has been allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Through the help of activity based costing, a company can estimate the cost of the products, activities and services. This will help the company in decision making in relation to the products whether they wanted to continue with the existing products or any changes are required to be made in the product structure. The company will be able to determine the accurate cost for the products and this will help them in adequate decision making. References Accounting coach.com, Activity Based Costing, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://www.accountingcoach.com/activity-based-costing/explanation Ibrahim D, 2017, Factors influencing Activity Based Costing adoption in the manufacturing industry, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://businessperspectives.org/media/zoo/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/js/pdfjs/web/viewer.php?file=/pdfproxy.php?item_id:1485 Reference for Business.com, Activity Based costing, viewed on 7th May 2017, retrieved from https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/small/A-Bo/Activity-Based-Costing.html Isa C, 2010, Factors Influencing Activity-Based Costing Success: A Research Framework, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://www.ijtef.org/papers/26-C130.pdf Krumwiede, K. R. 1998. ABC: Why it's tried and how it succeeds. Management Accounting (April): 32-34, 36, 38. https://maaw.info/ArticleSummaries/ArtSumKrumwiede98.htm Wright T, 2017, What Types of Businesses Do Activity-Based Costing?, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/types-businesses-activitybased-costing-28437.html

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Social Responsibility and Civic Engagement examples Essay Example For Students

Social Responsibility and Civic Engagement examples Essay Reevaluation At the beginning of this course I wasn’t sure what was meant by social responsibility and civic engagement. During this course I realized the meaning of both and the responsibilities that both imply. A definition of social responsibility that I found particularly poignant and concise comes from Entrepreneur Magazine, â€Å"Acting with concern and sensitivity, aware of the impact of your actions on others, particularly the disadvantaged† (Entrepreneur Magazine.com). Social responsibility can be as simple as paying your taxes or recycling your glass bottles. Social responsibility can be as complex as finding solutions to global warming or hunger in Africa. You can be personally socially responsible or you can be socially responsible in your work environment, as a church group, Girl Scout troop or just a concerned neighborhood. Social responsibility can take many forms and faces. . It is those who act that win rightly what is noble and good in life (Arthur Scalet, 2009). . On my journey through this course I found myself becoming more aware of how my actions and reactions to others were changing. For example: instead of just being angry at my government for its’ enormous waste of my money, I’m writing to my representatives and responding to their invitations to attend, â€Å"Town Hall meetings.† I will probably still be angry but my voice will be heard along with others and that at least will give me a sense of satisfaction that I didn’t sit quietly on the sidelines. I also see social responsibility as being unselfish and seeing how everyone and everything we do has a connection in this universe. We fail to tune up our car and we waste fuel; now more oil must be drilled from the ocean floor which causes a disturbance i. . e a responsible, civically involved citizen is to be in touch with the organic world and those of us who live in it. It means to be able to see past ourselves and our own needs and to focus on the needs of all people. To receive greatness in life you must give greatness in your life. I thank my instructor and my fellow students for enlightening and re-energizing my spirit and soul to do good works for all of us. Works Cited Arthur, J. Scalet, S. (2009). Morality and moral controversies: Readings in moral, social, and political philosophy. (8th ed.) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall Entrepreneur Magazine. (2011). Definition of Social Responsibility. Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneur.com/encyclopedia/term/82646.html Loeb, P.R. (2010). Soul of a citizen: living with conviction in challenging times. (2nd ed.). New York: St. Martins Griffin